[SKRIPSI] Isolasi dan Identifikasi Cendawan yang Berasosiasi Dengan Kanker Batang Kakao serta Uji Patogenisitasnya Pada Bibit Kakao

 

ABSTRAK

NURUL FADHILAH KRISNA M (G011171018). Isolasi dan Identifikasi Cendawan yang Berasosiasi Dengan Kanker Batang Kakao serta Uji Patogenisitasnya Pada Bibit Kakao (dibimbing oleh Ade Rosmana dan Tutik Kuswinanti).

Seiring meningkatnya konsumsi dunia akan kakao, pasar kakao dunia masih terbuka lebar, hal ini memberikan kesempatan kepada Indonesia khususnya Sulawesi Selatan untuk menjadi pasar tersebut. Untuk itu segala macam hambatan terkait hal-hal yang berpotensi menurunkan kualitas dan produksi harus dihindarkan. Kemunculan hama Xylosandrus compactus yang diduga berasosiasi dengan beberapa cendawan menyebabkan tanaman kakao terserang penyakit kanker batang.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi isolat cendawan yang berasal dari gejala kanker batang kakao, mengetahui apakah cendawan tersebut merupakan patogen dan mengetahui isolat cendawan yang paling patogenik terhadap kejadian penyakit. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh sebanyak 5 isolat cendawan B1, B2, B3 merupakan isolat Fusarium sp sementara B4, B5  merupakan Lasiodiplodia sp. Perlakuan dengan Isolat B3 juga memperlihatkan diameter dan lebar bercak kanker (cm) dengan angka sebesar 3,20 cm yang berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan B1, B2 dan Kontrol sedangkan untuk pengamatan Insidensi penyakit (%) perlakuan B3 (Fusarium sp) juga memperoleh angka tertinggi sebesar 32,88% yang berdasarkan analisis statistik tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan lain kecuali kontrol, namun memiliki kecenderungan dalam menimbulkan gejala. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu kelima isolat cendawan yang diperoleh merupakan patogen serta  isolat B3 (Fusarium sp) dalam hal ini merupakan isolat yang memiliki kecenderungan dalam menimbulkan gejala penyakit pada kanker batang.

Kata Kunci:  Fusarium sp, Kanker Batang, Kakao, Lasiodiplodia sp

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT

NURUL FADHILAH KRISNA M (G011171018). Isolation and Identification of Fungi Associated with Stem Cancer and Pathogenicity Testing on Cocoa Seeds (Under supervised by Ade Rosmana and Tutik Kuswinanti).

 

The Consumption of cocoa has been increasing, the world cocoa market is still wide open, this provides an opportunity for Indonesia, especially South Sulawesi, to become that market. For this reason, all kinds of obstacles related to matters that have the potential to reduce quality and production must be avoided. The emergence of the pest Xylosandrus compactus which is thought to be associated with several fungi has caused the cocoa plant to develop stem cancer. The purpose of this study was to identify fungal isolates originating from the symptoms of cocoa stem cancer, determine whether the fungus is a pathogen and determine the most pathogenic fungal isolates against disease incidence. The results of this study obtained that 5 fungi isolates B1, B2, B3 were isolates Fusarium sp while B4, B5 were Lasiodiplodia sp. Treatment with Isolate B3 also showed the diameter and width of the cancer spots (cm) with a number of 3.20 cm which was significantly different from treatment B1, B2 and Control while for the observation of disease incidence (%), B3 treatment (Fusarium sp) also obtained the highest number of 32.88% which based on statistical analysis was not significantly different from other treatments except control, but had a tendency to cause symptoms. The conclusion of this study is that the five fungal isolates obtained are pathogens and isolate B3 (Fusarium sp) in this case is an isolate that has a tendency to cause disease symptoms in stem cancer.

Keywords: Fusarium sp, Lasiodiplodia sp, Stem Cancer, Pathogenicity Test

 

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